Amomum cardamomum Willd

Kapulaga/Cardamom

Sinonim

• Amomum kapulaga Sprague

• Amomum compactum Solad ex Maton

• Alpinia striata Horst.

• Cardamomum minum Rumph

• Elettaria cardamomum Maton

• Elettaria major Smith

Familia

Zingiberaceae

Name of area

• Cardamom

,Kardamon ( Acheh, Malay

• Palago, Pelaga, Puwar ( Minangkabau)

• Kapol, Kapol Sebrang, Pelaga ( Sunda) Rahimy

• Kapulogo, Kapulogo Sabrang, Pulogo, Kapol Sabrang ( Jawa)

• Kapolagha, palagha ( Madura)

• Kapolagha, korkolaka ( Bali)

• Gandimong ( Bugis)

• Gardamungu

• Pelaga ( Malaysia)

• Luk Grawan ( Thailand)

• Cardamom ( Inggris)

Plant Deskripsi

Plant in the form of annual herba, height can reach 1 - 5 metre. Grow to gang, forming many anakan. structured Sham bar by frond- frond of leaf, in form of is cylindrical, green chromatic. fat and rather big Bar corm. Single leaf, spread over, chromatic of hijau.tua. Piece of slippery leaf or rather furry, in form of lance or Iancet, with sharp-pointed back part and jetty, and leaf edge flatten. Leaf length [about/around] 30- 60 cm, and width 10-12 cm. Fin bone. very short Handle Leaf. Frond length and leaf handle [about/around] 1-1,5 metre. [Among/Between] palepah and piece of leaf there are tongue which [is] its blunt back part, length [about/around] 0,5 cm.
Flower in the form of seed ( small bongkol) located in tip of bar, white or white chromatic [is] brass. Flower handle emerge from bar corm, pendanting is, slim. Long calyx, more or less 1-1,5 cm, furry, green chromatic. Chromatic flower of putih.bergaris-garis crimson, with redish colour [in] middle shares [of] him. Crown in form of tube, long 1-1,5 cm, white or white chromatic [is] brass. Taju usually [is] longer the than its tube. blue Flower chromatic lip have white column [to], its edge turn yellow. Length stamen 1-1,5 cm, elliptical form gist;sari head, length [about/around] 2 mm. Pistil handle is not furry, furry pistil head, in form of mug.
Its fruit in the form of box fruit, there are, in short and little tandan. Circular fruit [is] length, lobed, triangular, rather pipih, furry sometime, white chromatic [is] brass or turn yellow greyly. Bear fruit 3, each;every room dissociated by flimsy membrane as thick as paper. Every room contain 5-7 little seed, black or tan, typical odorous beraroma. In this wedge room lapped over length 2 line, cohere.
Fiber root, dirty white chromatic. Circular Rimpang [of] length, branching simpodial, white chromatic [is] brass. Initially branchs of rimpang this [is] wrapped by short skins. All part of plant [is] aromatic.

Habitat and disseminating

To grow wild [in] primary forest and teak;core forest, [in] low mountain area and its land;ground rather wet, pouring high hujari, or [in] area which is cloudy always, [at] height 200 - 1000 m above sea level. Thrive below/under wings of forest wood trees, [in] very covert tempattempat. This plant also many conducting, because its fruit [is] utilized as mace [at] various cookery type. This plant spread over almost in all Indonesia, especially [in] West Java and South Sumatra. Besides in Indonesia, cardamom found many [in] Srilangka, India, Guatemala, Tanzania, Papua Nugini, and Malabar.

Part of used plant

• All part of crop
• Bar
• Fruit
• Rimpang.

Chemical content

Its oleaginous Fruit [of] atsiri most off all contain sineol, terpineol, and borneol. rate of Sineol in fruit of[is more or less 12 %. From other sideing that cardamom fruit containing many saponin, flavnoida, compound- compound of polifenol, manganese, extract, sugar, fat, silicate and protein.

Pregnant seed 3 - 7 % oil of atsiri which consist of terpineol, acetate terpinil, sineol, alpha of borneol, and beta.kamfer. Despitefully oleaginous seed also fat, protein, oksalat kaisium and grit acid. With distillation of seed obtained [by] oil of atsiri the so-called Oleum Cardamomi, used as [by] [is] stimulant and giver of aroma. Its [of] pregnant him [of] saponin, and flavonoida of polifenol, beside also oil of atsiri.

Traditional usage

Water of Rebusan entire/all part of crop used for strong drug to one who feel to weaken or weaken effect of performance. Also good for one who are is diseased [of] rheumatism or rheumatism. Sometime [is] also used as [by] afrodisiaka ( to increase Iibido). Irrigate bar rebusan used as [by] drug degrade heat (fever).

Its fruit [is] utilized for the materials of delicioused and refresher of food and beverage. Fruit also can eliminate to feel an itch [at] red lane, as cough medicine, and stomachache drug. Rimpang [is] often used to deodorize mouth, for cough medicine, and degrade heat ( as antipiretikum). dried Rimpang, to be milled, 1alu braised can become beverage of penghangat to one who is chilled, especially to who live in mountain, [in] area have cool climate [to] or [in] very damp forest. This beverage at the same time can cure hot pain in.